Osteoarthritis

Metformin use is associated with a significant reduction in the risk for total knee or hip replacement among people with type 2 diabetes, shows research published in CMAJ.

Polygenic risk scores for advanced knee and hip osteoarthritis are significantly associated with the likelihood of requiring joint replacement in community-dwelling older adults, Australian study findings indicate.

A semi-automated method of classifying hip osteoarthritis into grades based on DXA images may be able to predict the need for total hip replacement, suggests research presented at the British Society for Rheumatology 2022 Annual Conference in Glasgow, UK.

Findings from a randomized controlled trial suggest that weight-loss surgery may negate the need for total knee arthroplasty for some people with severe obesity and knee osteoarthritis.

People with osteoarthritis  who undergo total knee replacement may have a lower risk for major adverse cardiovascular events  and mortality than those who do not, researchers report.

People with osteoarthritis and obesity who undergo bariatric surgery are less likely to require long-term analgesic prescriptions and have a lower mortality risk than those who do not, researchers report.

Outpatient therapist-led rehabilitation offers no clinical benefit over a home-based exercise regimen in patients with knee osteoarthritis at risk for poor outcomes after total knee arthroplasty, shows the TRIO trial.

Patients with osteoarthritis in the knee and hip, but not the hand, have an increased risk for venous thromboembolism, which may be exacerbated by knee and hip replacements, researchers report.

Treatment with the IL-1β inhibitor canakinumab is associated with a reduced incidence of total joint replacement, suggests an exploratory analysis of the CANTOS trial.

Pain relief, restoration of physical function, and improved quality of life are the top three most important outcomes for patients undergoing total joint replacement, researchers report.

Both premature and delayed use of total knee replacement are common among people with knee osteoarthritis, US researchers report.

Obese people have a significantly higher risk for complications, particularly infection, following total hip arthroplasty than non-obese people, results of a meta-analysis involving more than 2 million patients show.

Patients with osteoarthritis who undergo unicompartmental knee replacement are less likely to require postoperative opioid treatment than those undergoing total knee replacement, researchers report.

Findings from a systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that social support may have a beneficial effect on some outcomes after knee or hip replacement surgery.

Dislocation risk following total hip replacement is declining with time and is associated with a number of surgical, hospital, and patient-related factors that are generally modifiable, UK researchers report.

Low-intensity warfarin treatment has not demonstrated noninferiority to standard-intensity warfarin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism among older people undergoing hip or knee replacement surgery in a randomized controlled trial.

A substantial proportion of patients undergoing total joint replacement do not receive a test for glycemic control prior to surgery, researchers report.