Abstract
Although immune-mediated diseases are the main disorders associated with scleritis, other, less common etiologies, such as infections, must also be considered. Infectious agents, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites, may cause scleritis through a direct invasion or through an immune response. Infectious scleritis should be suspected in cases of indolent progressive scleral necrosis with suppuration, especially if the past and present history reveals an accidental trauma, chronic topical medication use (including corticosteroids), surgical procedures, or debilitating ocular or systemic disease; they also should be suspected if the review of systems reveal multisystem findings compatible with a systemic infection. In exogenous and endogenous infections, scrapings for smears and cultures must be obtained and fortified antimicrobial therapy, depending on smear results, must be initiated as soon as possible.
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de la Maza, M.S., Tauber, J., Foster, C.S. (2012). Infectious Scleritis. In: The Sclera. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6502-8_7
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