Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Association Between Serum Level of Magnesium and Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Meta-analysis

  • Published:
Biological Trace Element Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

There are conflicting reports as to the association between serum level of magnesium (Mg) and postmenopausal osteoporosis (OP). The purpose of the present study is to clarify the association between serum level of Mg and postmenopausal OP using a meta-analysis approach. We searched articles indexed in Pubmed and the Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CJFD) published as of October 2013 that met our predefined criteria. Seven eligible studies involving 1,349 postmenopausal women from 12 case-control study arms were identified. Overall, pooled analysis indicated that postmenopausal osteoporotic women had a lower serum level of Mg than the healthy controls (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −0.55, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = −0.83 to −0.26). Further subgroup analysis found a similar pattern in Turkey (SMD = −0.66, 95 % CI = −0.99 to −0.32) and Belgium (SMD = −0.98, 95 % CI = −1.91 to −0.05), but not in China (SMD = 0.02, 95 % CI = −0.21 to 0.26). And the difference of serum level of Mg between postmenopausal osteoporotic women and healthy controls below the age of 60 years (SMD = −0.61, 95 % CI = −1.09 to −0.13) was similar to that among the population over 60 years (SMD = −0.49, 95 % CI = −0.80 to −0.18).In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggests that the low serum level of Mg seems to be a risk factor for OP among the postmenopausal women. However, the subgroup analysis found that there was contradiction regarding races and geography, like China and Turkey. Thus, this finding needs further confirmation by trans-regional multicenter study to obtain better understanding of causal relationships between serum Mg and postmenopausal OP.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Castiglioni S, Cazzaniga A, Albisetti W, Maier JA (2013) Magnesium and osteoporosis: current state of knowledge and future research directions. Nutrients 5:3022–3033

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Rachner TD, Khosla S, Hofbauer LC (2011) Osteoporosis: now and the future. Lancet 377:1276–1287

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Rude RK, Gruber HE (2004) Magnesium deficiency and osteoporosis: animal and human observations. J Nutr Biochem 15:710–716

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Belluci MM, Schoenmaker T, Rossa-Junior C, Orrico SR, de Vries TJ et al (2013) Magnesium deficiency results in an increased formation of osteoclasts. J Nutr Biochem 24:1488–1498

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Yamaguchi M (2010) Role of nutritional zinc in the prevention of osteoporosis. Mol Cell Biochem 338:241–254

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Gulekli B, Davies MC, Jacobs HS (1994) Effect of treatment on established osteoporosis in young women with amenorrhoea. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 41:275–281

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Reginster JY, Strause L, Deroisy R, Lecart MP, Saltman P et al (1989) Preliminary report of decreased serum magnesium in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Magnesium 8:106–109

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Okyay E, Ertugrul C, Acar B, Sisman AR, Onvural B et al (2013) Comparative evaluation of serum levels of main minerals and postmenopausal osteoporosis. Maturitas 76:320–325

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Gur A, Colpan L, Nas K, Cevik R, Sarac J et al (2002) The role of trace minerals in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis and a new effect of calcitonin. J Bone Miner Metab 20:39–43

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Mutlu M, Argun M, Kilic E, Saraymen R, Yazar S (2007) Magnesium, zinc and copper status in osteoporotic, osteopenic and normal post-menopausal women. J Int Med Res 35:692–695

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Nieves JW (2013) Skeletal effects of nutrients and nutraceuticals, beyond calcium and vitamin D. Osteoporos Int 24:771–786

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Navarro-Gonzalez JF, Mora-Fernandez C, Garcia-Perez J (2009) Clinical implications of disordered magnesium homeostasis in chronic renal failure and dialysis. Semin Dial 22:37–44

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Liu SZ, Yan H, Xu P, Li JP, Zhuang GH et al (2009) Correlation analysis between bone mineral density and serum element contents of postmenopausal women in Xi'an urban area. Biol Trace Elem Res 131:205–214

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Haliloglu B, Aksungar FB, Ilter E, Peker H, Akin FT et al (2010) Relationship between bone mineral density, bone turnover markers and homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 levels in postmenopausal women. Arch Gynecol Obstet 281:663–668

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Jinyu C, Zhengyan S, Li Y, Lin C (2007) The relationship between serum magnesium level and bone mineral density in postmenopausal Chinese women. Chin J Osteoporos 13:837–839

    Google Scholar 

  16. Cohen L, Kitzes R (1981) Infrared spectroscopy and magnesium content of bone mineral in osteoporotic women. Isr J Med Sci 17:1123–1125

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Burnell JM, Liu C, Miller AG, Teubner E (1986) Effects of dietary alteration of bicarbonate and magnesium on rat bone. Am J Physiol 250:F302–F307

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Stendig-Lindberg G, Tepper R, Leichter I (1993) Trabecular bone density in a two year controlled trial of peroral magnesium in osteoporosis. Magnes Res 6:155–163

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Sahota O, Mundey MK, San P, Godber IM, Hosking DJ (2006) Vitamin D insufficiency and the blunted PTH response in established osteoporosis: the role of magnesium deficiency. Osteoporos Int 17:1013–1021

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Kimble RB, Srivastava S, Ross FP, Matayoshi A, Pacifici R (1996) Estrogen deficiency increases the ability of stromal cells to support murine osteoclastogenesis via an interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-mediated stimulation of macrophage colony-stimulating factor production. J Biol Chem 271:28890–28897

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Rude RK, Gruber HE, Norton HJ, Wei LY, Frausto A et al (2004) Bone loss induced by dietary magnesium reduction to 10 % of the nutrient requirement in rats is associated with increased release of substance P and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. J Nutr 134:79–85

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Rude RK, Gruber HE, Wei LY, Frausto A, Mills BG (2003) Magnesium deficiency: effect on bone and mineral metabolism in the mouse. Calcif Tissue Int 72:32–41

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Leidi M, Dellera F, Mariotti M, Banfi G, Crapanzano C et al (2012) Nitric oxide mediates low magnesium inhibition of osteoblast-like cell proliferation. J Nutr Biochem 23:1224–1229

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Carpenter TO, Mackowiak SJ, Troiano N, Gundberg CM (1992) Osteocalcin and its message: relationship to bone histology in magnesium-deprived rats. Am J Physiol 263:E107–E114

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Creedon A, Flynn A, Cashman K (1999) The effect of moderately and severely restricted dietary magnesium intakes on bone composition and bone metabolism in the rat. Br J Nutr 82:63–71

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Lai CC, Singer L, Armstrong WD (1975) Bone composition and phosphatase activity in magnesium deficiency in rats. J Bone Joint Surg Am 57:516–522

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. He Q, Xia Y, Raymond HF, Peng R, Yang F et al (2011) HIV trends and related risk factors among men having sex with men in mainland China: findings from a systematic literature review. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 42:616–633

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The project was supported by the Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project (11C32060748) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81100728).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China

    Jianmao Zheng, Xueli Mao, Junqi Ling & Jingjing Quan

  2. Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

    Qun He

  3. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China

    Hongbo Jiang

Authors
  1. Jianmao Zheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xueli Mao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Junqi Ling
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Qun He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jingjing Quan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Hongbo Jiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Junqi Ling.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Zheng, J., Mao, X., Ling, J. et al. Association Between Serum Level of Magnesium and Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Meta-analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 159, 8–14 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-9961-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-9961-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation