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01-01-2015 | Osteoarthritis | Book Chapter | Article

12. Regenerative Medicine Approaches for Treatment of Osteoarthritis

Authors: Sowmya Viswanathan, PhD, Jesse Wolfstadt, MD, Jaskarndip Chahal, MD, MSc, FRCSC, Alejandro Gómez-Aristizábal, PhD

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Abstract

To be effective, regenerative medicine-based treatment strategies for osteoarthritis (OA) should address multiple aspects of OA, which involves inflammation, loss of chondrocytes, remodeling of subchondral bone and endochondral ossification.
Biologics involving growth factors to trigger appropriate chondrocyte proliferation, anti-inflammatory cytokines to combat inflammation, and the use of cartilage transcription factors are being considered in clinical investigations for the treatment of OA.
Cellular therapy including autologous chondrocytes, allogeneic cadaveric chondrocytes, mesenchymal stromal cells, and pluripotent stem cell-derived chondrocytes is also being investigated for their ability to directly or indirectly replace the loss of chondrocytes.
As part of treatment strategies for OA, natural and synthetic biomaterials are used to mimic the biomechanical properties and function of cartilage, which could be key to providing functional repair of degenerative OA.

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Medicine Matters Rheumatology

Abstract